Setting standards such as sales quotas, quality standards, or production levels; checking to see how actual performance compares with these standards; taking corrective action, as needed describes which function?

• A. Controlling
• B. Planning
• C. Organizing
• D. Leading

Answer: (A)

This item focuses on the control function in management. It describes how managers set targets (standards), monitor actual performance, compare the two, and take corrective action if there are deviations. By establishing standards like sales quotas, quality levels, or production targets, managers create benchmarks. They then check whether actual results meet those benchmarks. When gaps appear, they implement changes—such as adjusting processes, reallocating resources, providing training, or revising standards—to bring performance back in line with the targets. This function acts as a feedback loop that ensures plans are carried out effectively. It’s distinct from planning (deciding what to do and how), organizing (arranging resources and tasks), and leading (influencing and motivating people).