Which term describes the process of forecasting and planning to achieve future goals by establishing rules and procedures?

• A. Planning
• B. HRM
• C. Organizing
• D. Leading

Answer: (A)

Planning involves looking ahead, forecasting what might happen, and deciding in advance what actions will be taken to reach future goals. It requires setting objectives and laying down rules and procedures that guide how work is done and how resources are allocated. This creates a roadmap and a standard for coordinating efforts across the organization, helping to align activities with goals and reduce uncertainty.

Organizing focuses on arranging and structuring resources and tasks to implement plans, while leading is about guiding and directing people to carry out the work. HRM deals with managing people, their performance, development, and relations. All of these are important, but the term that specifically captures forecasting and establishing procedures to reach future goals is planning.