Which term refers to the process of getting performance to align with predefined standards and taking corrective actions?

• A. Controlling
• B. Planning
• C. Leading
• D. Organizing

Answer: (A)

Controlling focuses on getting performance to align with predefined standards and taking corrective actions. It starts with setting performance standards and measuring actual results, then comparing the two to spot any gaps. When deviations appear, corrective actions are taken to bring performance back on track—this might mean adjusting processes, providing additional training, reallocating resources, or revising targets. This ongoing feedback loop ensures that what’s being done actually meets the planned objectives. The other functions play different roles: planning sets goals and routes to achieve them; organizing arranges resources; leading guides and motivates people. Controlling is the mechanism that closes the gap between actual performance and standards.